Commentary on the Contents of the Tables

SURVEY OF THE STATION NETWORKS TABULAR PART OF THE AIR POLLUTION CHARACTERISTICS DATA ON PRECIPITATION QUALITY AND WET DEPOSITION SURVEYS OF SUPPLEMENTARY METEOROLOGICAL DATA

Survey of the station networks

As mentioned in the Preface, the yearbook gives a very extensive survey of the air pollution data for the Czech Republic. It includes the measuring results collected by several organizations. The Table Air pollution monitoring sites, based on the owner and the regions, Czech Republic, 2002 gives the numbers of stations from which data were actually received, based on the individual regions and on the co-operating organizations. The next tables are entitled Air pollution monitoring sites measuring basic pollutants and supplementary quantities, AMS and AMS-SRS, based on the regions and the owner (branch), Czech Republic, 2002, Air pollution monitoring sites measuring basic pollutants and supplementary quantities, manual and semiautomatic methods, based on the regions and the owner (branch), Czech Republic 2002 and Total number of monitoring sites with special measurements, based on the owner (branch), Czech Republic, 2002, giving the types and numbers of stations in individual regions based on the owner and the type of the measured quantity.

The stations were classified into type categories according to the method of data measurement, collection, treatment and transfer. Stationary stations were classified using the following table.

Type of station

The stations were classified into type categories according to the method of data measurement, collection, treatment and transfer. Stationary stations were classified using the following table.

Type of station	Type of measurement	Interval of sample collection	Analog values collection and treatement	Data transfer	Purpose of the station
manual	manual	>3 hours	all manual, processing in laboratory	forms, diskettes	regime, special-purpose
semiautomatic	continuous	<3 hours	processeing out of measuring place	forms, diskettes	regime, special-purpose
AMS	continuous	30 minutes - 3 hours	automatic collection and processing in measuring place	data line or diskettes	regime state network
AMS-SRS	continuous	30 minutes	automatic collection and processing in measuring place	data line	operative for SRS
Heavy metals in SPM	manual	>24 hours	all manual, treated in laboratory	diskettes	special-purpose

Station codes

The data set named Stations and air quality measurement methods registered in IIS-Air Quality Information System is a detailed list of stations for which at least one kind of measurement was registered in 2002. The survey of stations is classified according to regions, districts and organizations. Since 1994, measuring stations have been designated by a nine-place code, formed as follows:

MEASURING STATIONS ARE DESIGNATED BY A NINE-PLACE CODE
Position	Legends
1 - 2	abbreviation for country (CZ for the Czech Republic)
3 - 4	abbreviation for District
5 - 6	abbreviation for organization carrying out the measurement
7 - 9	abbreviation for the name of the station, consisting of the first three letters of the name of the measuring station or by a combination of the first letters of a measuring station name with more than one word

Classification of stations

Classification of air pollution monitoring stations for the year 2002 is presented in tabular surveys - Stations and air quality measurement methods registered in IIS-Air Quality Information System and Summary overviews of air pollution standard exceedences and max. values at stations of the Czech Republic in 2002.

This classification for the purpose of exchange of information (EoI) was presented for the first time in Council Decision 97/101/EC and is obligatory both for the EU Member States and for the associated countries.

The complete EoI classification consisting of 3 fundamental letters divided by strokes is presented only in those stations at which it was officially affirmed by an expert team in accordance with local criteria. In some cases incomplete classification is presented (1-2 letters only) derived from the purpose of the station establishment.

Exchange of Information (EoI) site classes
Type of station		Type of zone		Characterisation of zone
Traffic	T	Urban	U	Residental	R
Industrial	I	Suburban	S	Commercial	C
Background	B	Rural	R	Industrial	I
				Agricultural	A
				Natural	N
				Residental/Commercial	RC
				Commercial/Industrial	CI
				Industrial/Residental	IR
				Residental/Commercial/Industrial	RCI
				Agricultural/Natural	AN

Source

Council Decision 97/101/EC of 27 January 1997 establishing a reciprocal exchange of information and data from networks and indivudual stations measuring ambient air pollution within the Member States.
Official Journal of the European Communities, No. L 35/14. EC, 1997.

Larssen, S. et al. (1999) Criteria for EUROAIRNET. The EEA Air Quality Monitoring and Information Network.
Technical Report no. 12. EEA, Copenhagen.

Maps of the networks of measuring stations

The survey of the stations is completed by maps of boundaries of the regions in the individual areas showing the locations of the stations and their numbers in the IIS-ISKO system.

Tabular part of the air pollution characteristics

The Summary Annual Tabular Survey is the separate numerical yearbook which presents air pollution characteristics.

The monthly and annual air pollution characteristics are calculated from the daily information.

For individual pollutants, the stations are presented according to the regions, districts and further according to the organization in the order: CHMI, Public Health Service, ČEZ Inc., VÚLHM, VÚRV, EKOTOXA, VÚLHM-Opočno, Municipal Authorities (Zlín, Hodonín, Olomouc, Vsetín), District Authority in Sumperk, Třinec Municipal Authority, Plzeň City, Pardubice VII Municipal Authority and FRANTSCHACH PULP@PAPER, a.s. � tětí. Stations in the same organization are ordered alphabetically.

The automatic station networks of Saxony Region in Germany and of south-west border region of Poland are included. These stations are presented always in the end of individual tabular sets.

In the part Summary overviews of limit values exceedences according to the Regulation of the Government of the Czech Republic and maximum values of air pollution characteristics at stations of the Czech Republic in 2002 (lilac pages in the printed version) similar presentation of stations and values for those pollutants whose limit values are set by the Regulation of the Government of the Czech Republic is given. All the stations at which the limit values including the margin of tolerance were exceeded are divided from the following stations by a continuous line and the exceeded values are printed in bold type. Stations at which limit values were exceeded are divided by a dashed line from the remaining stations.

In the chapter Summary overviews of limit values exceedences specified by the Decree of the Federal Committee for the Environment and max. values at stations of the Czech Republic in 2002 (red pages in the printed version) the tables for individual air pollutants and aggregated data for which the limit values are set by the Decree of the Federal Committee for the Environment. The tables present the measuring stations with highest values of air pollution characteristics listed downward from the highest value. Where exceedence of the set limit values for the given characteristics occurs, the figures are printed in bold type and are divided from the stations at which there were no exceedences by a continuous line.

The basic part of the Tabular Survey presents firstly air pollution characteristics for those pollutants whose air pollution limit values are set in the Regulation of the Government of the Czech Republic, in the tables Hourly, daily, quarterly and annual air pollution characteristics with the assessment for the year 2002. Other pollutants are presented in the form of tables Monthly and annual average concentrations and supplementary air pollution characteristics. The headings of most tables show air pollution limit values for the selected pollutants.

The newly presented overviews have the similar conception as the previous ones. Apart from the familiar characteristics (daily maximum in the given year with the date of its occurrence, 50^th percentile, 95^th percentile, 98^th percentile, annual arithmetic mean and standard deviation, annual geometric mean and standard geometric deviation, number of measurements in the given year and the length of the longest continuous shutdown) also values of air pollution characteristics are presented in accordance with the Regulation of the Government of the Czech Republic on the individual pollutants for individual stations requested by the above Regulation [25th highest annual (25MV) and 4th highest 24-h SO₂ concentration, 36th highest 24-hour PM₁₀ concentration, 19th highest hour (19MV) NO₂ concentration and maximum 8-h ozone and CO concentration] with the respective dates of their occurrence. In accordance with the Regulation requirements also AOT40 for ozone is presented. Further, numbers of exceedences of the given air pollution limit values (VoL) and numbers of exceedences of air pollution limit values including the margin of tolerance (VoM). Quarterly arithmetic means are given instead of monthly means, as well as the number of values from which they are calculated (X1q, C1q, …).

For the first time the overview of heavy metals is presented for which air pollution limit values are set by the Regulation of the Government of the Czech Republic. The table of monthly concentrations was updated: quarterly arithmetic averages and annual characteristics were added.

In the previous type of tables, for each station the monthly arithmetic average and the monthly frequency (Xm, mc) are given in two subsequent lines. Further, the daily maximum for the year and the date of occurrence (MAX. DAT), 95th percentile (95%kv), 50th percentile (50%kv), and 98th percentile (98%kv), or 90th percentile (90%kv) are given. Where the daily air pollution standard IH_d is determined according to the Decree of the Federal Committee for the Environment, the following are also given: the relative frequency of IHd exceedence (č.p.%), or absolute frequency of IHd exceedence (č.p.), annual arithmetic average and standard deviation (X, S), annual geometric average and standard geometric deviation (XG, SG), number of measurements in the year and the length of the longest continuous shut-down (N, dv).

The table Average monthly concentrations of heavy metals in suspended particulate matter gives the monthly and annual arithmetic average values forselected elements in SPM, for specialized station network of CHMI, HS and ČEZ, Inc.

Since 1994 the table presenting measured concentrations of VOCs at CHMI stations has been included. This measurement is carried out within the EMEP programme. Since the year 2000 this et of tables has included also VOC measurements at Public Health Service's stations carried out within the project MZSO (Population Health State Monitoring)with regard to ambient air. In both cases the samples are collected manually into canisters.

Since 1997 continual measurement of aromatic hydrocarbons has become part of the Tabular Survey.

The measurement of persistent organic pollutants (POPs), presented in two tabular sets, have been included since 1997 as well. Polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are included in the first set and polychlorinated bifenyls (PCBs) in the second set.

Principles of data presentation and valuability of air pollution characteristics

Stations are given in this Tabular Survey when the number of daily average values ( measured values or calculated characteristics) is greater than 60 in the evaluated year.

In order to include the air pollution characteristics, the conditions given in the following table must be fulfilled:

Source data	Goal data	max dv *	min N **
30 minutes	24 hours	8 half hours	24 half hours
60 minutes	24 hours	4 hours	12 hours
24 hours	1 month	5 days	16 days
24 hours	1 year	40 days	180 days

Legends
*	length of the longest continuous shut-down
**	minimum number of data items

In order to consider the annual air pollution characteristics valid, the minimum number of daily data items per year must be greater than 240 and the longest continuous shut-down less than 20 days.

Percentiles and relative frequency of IHr exceedence are presented together with daily highest values in 2002 in basic tables even if they do not fulfil the mentioned conditions.

Differentiation of types of letters

Differentiation of types of letters
bold	exceeding of the ambient air limit, assuming that the data fulfil the requirements for valuability of data for calculation of the annual characteristics for comparison with the limit (existing and proposed)
*bold italic*	exceedence of the ambient air quality limit values LV, or LV+MT assuming that the data do not fulfil the requirements for validity of data for calculation of the annual characteristics for comparison with the limit, but fulfil the requirement for presentation
italics	data do not fulfil the requirements for valuability of data for calculation of the annual characteristics

Data on precipitation quality and wet deposition

The Tabular Survey also gives the chemical composition of precipitation and atmospheric deposition. The stations for which data are given for 2002 are depicted on the map; the following table gives more detailed information on stations (altitude, sampling methods and organizations). The stations are ordered alphabetically according to regions and districts, included are stations operated by CHMI, ČGÚ,VÚV TGM, VÚLHM and AV ČR.

Data on chemical composition of atmospheric precipitation are given in the tables as separate monthly analyses. As concerned the stations with one week sampling interval, average weighted concentrations from individual weeks (No. of weeks are given) which fit months best are presented (No. of months are given in parentheses). Rain amounts represent sampling weeks as well. One week interval complies with the international EMEP�s methodology (Tuesday - Tuesday sampling).

The Tabular Survey of precipitation quality and wet deposition monitoring is completed by tables presenting the annual average concentrations weighted by rain amounts and the annual wet depositions given for individual stations and measured parameters.

The measured quantities are designated in the tables by the common chemical nomenclature symbols, cond is the measured sample conductivity and rain denotes the total precipitation measured by the standard method directly at the sampling site or at a station that can be meteorologically considered to be representative for the given site.

Surveys of supplementary meteorological data

The Tabular Survey is completed by two tables containing meteorological data measured on air pollution stations. These data are used to determine conditions of transportation, dispersion and chemical transformations of pollutants in the air and they facilitate to relate the interpretation of air pollution measurement to meteorological conditions. These meteorological data do not substitute data from specialized meteorological and climatological CHMI's networks and in comparison with them they can be considered only as supplementary data. The table Total wind rose presents measurements of wind directions and velocities measured at 10 m height above terrain. Wind roses are given in % for eight main wind directions, calm and five classes of wind velocity. The intervals applied for wind velocity reflect the classification used in methodology of air pollution modelling.

Wind velocity class	Interval [m.s^-1]	Class-velocity [m.s^-1]
1. light breeze	from 0 to 2.5	1.7
1. gentle breeze	from 2.5 to 7.5	5.0
1. srong breeze	above 7.5	11.0

The second supplementary table presents the global radiation energy in W.m^-2. There are monthly and annual average values and additional characteristics.